Polymers modification by means of low pressure plasma processes for different applications are currently investigated in the University of Bari and in the spin off Plasma Solution. Our research follows several applicative directions, however while in the University we mostly deal of fundamental issues, in the spin off we aim to develop industrial customized processes and plasma reactors. Our traditional approach for studying plasma modification of polymers is generally based on a combined use of plasma and surface diagnostics. This, along with performance analyses, allows often to set proper on-line diagnostics for process control and to tune the morphology/composition/performance of treated polymers. The issues covered in the talk include some of our best processes as transparent barrier coatings, nano- and micro-structured polymer films, super-hydrophobic materials, non fouling, corrosion protection, tissue engineering, bacterial resistant coatings, atmospheric pressure glow discharges for Teflon-likes.