AVS 47th International Symposium
    Vacuum Technology Wednesday Sessions
       Session VT-WeA

Paper VT-WeA6
Flow of Moderately Rarefied Gases Through Short Circular Tubes

Wednesday, October 4, 2000, 3:40 pm, Room 201

Session: Vacuum Gas Dynamics
Presenter: S.A. Tison, Millipore Corporation
Correspondent: Click to Email

The conductance of vacuum geometries is very important for design of vacuum systems. In particular the conductance of cylinders has been exhaustively studied because of its predominant use in vacuum components. While the conductance is well established for these geometries under high rarefied conditions@footnote 1@ the conductance in the transition between rarefied flow and continuum flow is less understood. In particular, phenomena such as the Knudsen minimum identified in long tubes almost a century ago is still an active area for theoretical and experimental study. While long tubes are known to have mimimums in conductance, sometimes less than 20% of the free molecular value, sharp edged orifices do not exhibit this pattern. It is logical to assume that there must exist a relatively short tube which exhibits traits intermediate to long tubes and sharp edged orifices. A series of conductances with length to diameter ratios (L/D) from 100 to 2 have been experimentally studied and compared to transition flow models. Data includes Knudsen numbers from 0.01 to 10 for a variety of noncondensable gases. Results indicate reasonable agreement with models@footnote 2@ and show the disappearance of the Knudsen minimum for short tubes (L/D)=2. @FootnoteText@ @footnote 1@ Clausing, P., Ann. Physik (5) 12, 961 (1932) @footnote 2@ Arkillic, E., and Breuer, K.S., AIAA paper 93-3270, (1993).