| AVS 54th International Symposium | |
| Applied Surface Science | Monday Sessions |
| Session AS-MoM |
| Session: | Quantitative Surface Analysis I. Electron Spectroscopies: (Honoring the contributions of Martin Seah, NPL, and Cedric Powell, NIST) |
| Presenter: | P.M.A. Sherwood, Oklahoma State University |
| Authors: | S.L. Johnson, Oklahoma State University P.M.A. Sherwood, Oklahoma State University |
| Correspondent: | Click to Email |
We have reported many examples of how thin (10nm or less) oxide free films can be formed on a number of metals. In this work we report how the use of etidronic acid (1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid (hydroxy-ethyl diphosphonate or HEDP)) can form such films, providing an example of how an organophosphorus acid can form thin oxide free films in addition to the films previously reported for phosphorus acids. The films formed were produced on the surface of metallic chromium and on 316 L stainless steel by treatment by 3 molar etidronic acid using an anaerobic cell and a”bench” treatment. Core level and valence band X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to study the films formed. Compositional variations were interpreted through the use of band structure and X-alpha calculations. Valence band photoemission spectra interpreted in this manner were found to be effective in understanding subtle differences in the resulting surface chemistry as well as in identification of the various phosphates structures. The chromium foil experimental results indicate that the etidronate broke up and formed a phosphide on the surface. The anaerobic cell treatment of the chromium foil produced an extremely thin layer which consists of a phosphate which appears characteristic of chromium orthophosphate indicating that the etidronate molecule did not remain intact. Polished 316L stainless steel treated in 3 M etidronic acid formed a thin film when using the “bench”treatment, but a film characteristic of etidronate when the anaerobic cell was used. This thin etidronate film result shows that oxide-free etidronate films can be formed on stainless steel which may find application in implant fabrication.