The past decade has witnessed a rapid development of plasmonic metamaterials, which have unique optical properties and promising applications. Here, we report a simple, versatile, and scalable method for plasmonic metamaterial fabrication, which combines dynamic shadowing growth and self-assembled nanosphere monolayers, referred to as nanosphere shadowing lithography. In this method, a physical vapor deposition creates regular nanostructure arrays on modified nanosphere monolayers due to shadowing effect. The nanostructure morphology can be controlled by tuning the vapor flux direction with respect to the monolayers. Benefited from its control in nanostructure morphology, we have designed and fabricated a series of plasmonic nanostructures, including discrete nanoparticle arrays, nanoholes, nanoparticle networks, graded nanostructures, and chiral metamaterials such as patchy particles, helically stacked plasmonic layers, and Swiss roll structures. These well designed plasmonic nanostructures show tunable localized plasmonic resonance property and large circular dichroism response. In addition, by combining a co-deposition growth method, alloy or mixed phase plasmonic structures can be designed and investigated systematically. Such a simple but scalable fabrication method has a great potential for plasmonic metamaterial and meta-device development.