Invited Paper IS-ThA3
Development of Graphene Environmental Cells for Atmospheric Pressure Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Microscopy

Thursday, November 10, 2016, 3:00 pm, Room 101C

Atmospheric pressure electron spectroscopy and microscopy are fast growing branches of the chemical and morphological analysis of the practically important interfaces relevant to catalysis, energy storage, harvesting and conversion as well as biomedical research. A great progress in this area achieved so far is largely due to meticulously engineered differentially pumped electron energy analyzers installed now at many laboratories and at synchrotron radiation facilities. Very recently a new approach for truly atmospheric pressure XPS, SEM, and TEM was demonstrated, which radically reduces the requirements to analytic instrumentation and, in principle, makes it possible high-pressure research using the standard laboratory electron spectrometers and microscopes. The core of this method are electron transparent membranes made of novel 2D materials, which separate high-pressure liquid (or gas) sample compartment from the UHV conditions of the spectrometer or microscope. In this report, we survey different designs and application practices of the graphene liquid cells and demonstrate their potential using X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy, Auger Electron Spectroscopy, Photoemission and Scanning Electron Microscopies of liquid interfaces.