AVS 62nd International Symposium & Exhibition
    Thin Film Monday Sessions
       Session TF+AS+SS-MoM

Paper TF+AS+SS-MoM4
New Approaches to the Preparation of Well-defined Metal Films on Top of Self-assembled Monolayers

Monday, October 19, 2015, 9:20 am, Room 111

Session: Self-Assembled Monolayers, Layer-by-Layer, etc.
Presenter: Michael Zharnikov, Universität Heidelberg, Germany
Correspondent: Click to Email

Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) can be potentially used as ultrathin insulating dielectric layers or intermediate films in different electronic and spintronic devices. Whereas the bottom electrode in such assemblies is represented by the metal substrate, the top electrode should be prepared at the SAM-ambience interface. Regretfully, the formation of a well-defined metal film on top of the SAMs is a non-trivial task, since the metal atoms deposited onto the SAM-ambient interface do not stay there, but penetrate into the monolayer and diffuse to the metal substrate following a strong thermodynamical drive. Here I discuss three new approaches to suppress the above penetration and diffusion, taken a representative ferromagnetic metal, nickel, as a test adsorbate. The first approach relies on irradiation-induced cross-linking of a thiol-substituted aromatic SAM. Whereas 2D-polymerization of such a SAM prevents penetration of the metal atoms into the monolayer, the thiol groups at the SAM-ambient interface serve as nucleation centers for the growing "top" film. The second approach, relying on SAMs of perfluoroterphenyl-substituted alkanethiols, utilizes a chemical reaction between the SAM constituents and adsorbate atoms. The primary process is the Ni mediated loss of fluorine atoms followed by extensive cross-linking between the partly defluorinated molecular backbones. The stability of these backbones and the rapid development of the cross-linking are the key components to hinder the metal penetration. Finally, the penetration of deposited metal atoms into a SAM can be nearly completely inhibited by the preliminary formation of palladium-chloride seeding layer at the SAM-ambience interface. The palladium atoms in the seeding layer serve as nucleation centers for the growing metal film, staying at its bottom during the growth. In contrast, the chlorine atoms are transferred from palladium to the deposited metal, staying on the top of the growing metal film and serving as surfactants.