For certain device applications, semiconducting polymers can replace inorganic semiconductors at lower cost because they are more easily processed. Examples include the development of organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), for full color screen applications, and of the development of field effect transistors (FETs) for smart circuit applications. These device applications make use of the semiconducting nature of conjugated polymer. However, by accounting for the organic (molecular) nature of these materials one can extend the material and device functionalities. In this contribution we highlight two approaches: a) the use of nano-composites b) the use of bio-inspired chemical modifications to produce libraries of functional materials. We will also address device properties and suitable methods for analysis.