Recent work has shown that molecules are capable of functioning as electronic components such as resistors, diodes and switches. These fundamental properties, in principle, can lead to new generations of devices and computing machines. However, many fundamental challenges lie ahead as the implementation of these technologies begins. These challenges include issues of chemical assembly, lithographic scales and electrical contacts. These and other aspects will be presented and discussed from a broad point of view with an emphasis on the underpinning science that is needed to help enable process development.