Pacific Rim Symposium on Surfaces, Coatings and Interfaces (PacSurf 2016)
    Biomaterial Surfaces & Interfaces Tuesday Sessions
       Session BI-TuE

Paper BI-TuE3
Metal Oxides, Hydroxyapatite and Bone Healing

Tuesday, December 13, 2016, 6:20 pm, Room Milo

Session: Medical Applications
Presenter: Håkan Nygren, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
Authors: H. Nygren, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
P. Malmberg, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden
L. Ilver, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden
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Magnesium alloy, Zinc and Manganese have been explored extensively for application as degradable metal implants, but there is still a lack of understanding of the biological response to the corrosion products and their influence on the local tissue repair process at the implantation site. The approach, in this study is to correlate the effect of corrosion products on human embryonic stem cells in vitro and on bone healing with and without stainless steel implants in vivo in rat tibia by preparing a paste of MgO or MgCO3, ZnO and MnO. The metals and the formation of mineral were analysed by ToF-SIMS, EDX and XPS. Metal oxides, incubated in tissue culture medium (DMEM), induced the formation of hydroxyapatite (HA), covering the oxide grains. The apatite was low crystalline and carbonated. We found that when cultured human embryonic stem cells were presented with the HA-coated corrosion products they were able to maintain viability and proliferate over time. The presence of HA-coated metal corrosion products resulted in the up-regulation of hydroxyapatite formation by the stem cells in vitro and enhanced bone formation in vivo, preceded by the formation of hydroxyapatite in the tissue. The results of the present study suggest that metal corrosion products catalyse the formation of hydroxyapatite in the tissue, that the formation of apatitite is amplified by stem cells and that the hydroxyapatite is an active species in promoting osteogenesis.