Paper IS+AS-ThA9
Characterizing Solid Oxide Fuel Cells during Electrochemical Operation Using Ambient Pressure XPS
Thursday, November 12, 2009, 4:40 pm, Room C4
| Session: |
In-Situ Microscopy and Spectroscopy: Surface Reactions |
| Presenter: |
F. El Gabaly, Sandia National Laboratories |
| Authors: |
F. El Gabaly, Sandia National Laboratories
A.H. McDaniel, Sandia National Laboratories
M. Grass, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Z. Liu, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
H. Bluhm, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Z. Hussain, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
G.S. Jackson, University of Maryland, College Park
C. Zhang, University of Maryland, College Park
S.C. Decaluwe, University of Maryland, College Park
K.F. McCarty, Sandia National Laboratories
M.A. Linne, Sandia National Laboratories
R.L. Farrow, Sandia National Laboratories
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| Correspondent: |
Click to Email |
Electrochemical systems for energy applications are hampered by lack of fundamental measurements and understanding of ion transport and interfacial charge transfer mechanisms. Electrochemical devices based on the conduction of O2- anions through a solid electrolyte, such as a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) or electrolyzer (SOEC), have great potential for both clean, efficient power generation and efficient production of fuels such as hydrogen or synthesis gas. The essential physical phenomena that govern reaction and charge transfer across material interfaces are poorly understood. The ability to directly observe changes in chemical composition and elemental oxidation state at surfaces and interfaces under electrochemically active conditions will provide insight into such processes. Here, we report in situ measurements of Ni and Pt patterned thin films (300nm) electrodes in solid-oxide electrochemical cells using ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy[1] (APXPS, Beamline 11.0.2 of the Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory). This novel setup provides quantitative information about the elemental surface composition, local surface potential in the yttria-stabilized zirconia electrolyte, and changes in elemental oxidation state as a result of electrochemical and thermochemical activity occurring under relevant operating conditions: typically 0.25 Torr of hydrogen and 0.25 Torr of water, T=1023K, and under applied bias potential. Chemical changes on the fuel cell electrodes under different electrochemical operation will be discussed, as well as the existence of transient species that could help reveal where and how the charge-transfer mechanism is occurring.
References
[1] D.F. Ogletree, H. Bluhm, G. Lebedev, C.S. Fadley, Z. Hussain, M. Salmeron, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 73 (2002) 3872.
This research was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy under Contract No.DE-AC04-94AL85000 (Sandia) and DE-AC02-05CH11231 (LBNL), and by Office of Naval Research under Contract No: N000140510711 (UMD) .